Toad Toxicity in Small Animals

Introduction

The Midwest is home to species of toads belonging to the genus Bufo. All species of Bufo are poisonous, and some, such as those found in Florida, commonly kill dogs who try to eat them. Fortunately, those found in the Midwest rarely cause serious poisoning. While dogs are most commonly affected, toad poisoning has also been reported in cats.

Toxicity

When toads are threatened, glands in the skin of toads secrete a mixture of poisons. These toxins have actions similar to those of the heart medication digitalis. Other toxins affect blood pressure and one is believed to cause hallucinations.

Clinical Effects

Poisoning caused by toads in Midwest cause symptoms that begin almost immediately. They usually consist of copious salivation (drooling) and vomiting which may persist for many hours. In most cases, no other toxic effects occur.

Treatment

A diagnosis of toad poisoning is usually based on seeing a dog or cat mouthing a toad, or seeing a toad or toad pieces in the dog or cat's vomit if symptoms have already occurred. If an animal is seen mouthing or eating a toad, first aid includes quickly rinsing out the mouth with large amounts of water. As vomiting usually occurs as a result of toad poisoning, making a dog vomit is usually of no value, especially once symptoms are seen. If vomiting becomes persistent, a veterinarian should be consulted.

For more information visit the Animal Poison Control Center
www.apcc.aspca.org or contact them by phone at 1-888-426-4435